ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF TRACHYSPERMUM AMMI

Abstract

Introduction: Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Compounds that reduce inflammation are called anti-inflammatory agents.

Materials and Methods:

Materials: Plant: Trachyspermum ammi was collected from wild and aunthentificated by botanist, dried in shade, size is reduced by mechanical grinder, powdered material was subject to soxlet extraction with ethanol and the final extract obtained was dried and used for preclinical studies. 

Chemicals: Ethanol, water for injection, Carrageenan, Fehling’s A, Fehling’s B Solution, benedicts reagent, Barfoeds reagent, bials reagent, aniline acetate, HCL, schwinoff’s reagent, tannic acid and drugs (Paracetamol) used for the study were of analytical grade.

Animals: After the IAEC approval twenty-four (24) albino male Sprague dawley rats weighing between 120-150 grams were used for the study. They were kept in polypropylene cages and allowed to acclimatize to the environment for two weeks before the commencement of the experiment. The animals were fed with standard animal pellet grower mash and allowed access to water ad libitum. Experimental Induction of Paw edema in rats Male or female Sprague-Dawley rats with a body weight between 100 and 150 g are used.

Methodology: The animals are starved overnight. To ensure uniform hydration, the rats receive 5ml of water by stomach tube (controls) or the test drug dissolved or suspended in the same volume. Thirty minutes later, the rats are challenged by a subcutaneous injection of 0.05ml of 1% solution of carrageenan into the plantar side of the left hind paw. The paw is marked with ink at the level of the lateral malleolus and immersed in mercury up to this mark. The paw volume is measured by plethysmograph immediately after injection, again 3hrs,3.5hrs,4hrs.

Determination of Paw edema: The increase of paw volume after 3hr,3.5hr,4hr is calculated as percentage compared with the volume measured immediately after injection of the irritant for each animal. Effectively treated animals show much less edema.

Result: The difference of average values between treated animals and control groups is calculated for each time interval and statistically evaluated. The difference at the various time intervals gives some hints for the duration of the anti-inflammatory effect. In Statistical analysis all the data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical comparisons were performed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range tests. The results were considered statistically significant if the P value ≤ 0.05.